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Buffteks-Website/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/narwhals/_expression_parsing.py
2025-05-08 21:10:14 -05:00

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Python

# Utilities for expression parsing
# Useful for backends which don't have any concept of expressions, such
# and pandas or PyArrow.
from __future__ import annotations
from enum import Enum
from enum import auto
from itertools import chain
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
from typing import Any
from typing import Literal
from typing import Sequence
from typing import TypeVar
from typing import cast
from narwhals.dependencies import is_narwhals_series
from narwhals.dependencies import is_numpy_array
from narwhals.exceptions import LengthChangingExprError
from narwhals.exceptions import MultiOutputExpressionError
from narwhals.exceptions import ShapeError
from narwhals.utils import is_compliant_expr
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from typing_extensions import Never
from typing_extensions import TypeIs
from narwhals._compliant import CompliantExpr
from narwhals._compliant import CompliantFrameT
from narwhals._compliant.typing import AliasNames
from narwhals._compliant.typing import CompliantExprAny
from narwhals._compliant.typing import CompliantFrameAny
from narwhals._compliant.typing import CompliantNamespaceAny
from narwhals._compliant.typing import EagerNamespaceAny
from narwhals._compliant.typing import EvalNames
from narwhals.expr import Expr
from narwhals.typing import IntoExpr
from narwhals.typing import NonNestedLiteral
from narwhals.typing import _1DArray
T = TypeVar("T")
def is_expr(obj: Any) -> TypeIs[Expr]:
"""Check whether `obj` is a Narwhals Expr."""
from narwhals.expr import Expr
return isinstance(obj, Expr)
def combine_evaluate_output_names(
*exprs: CompliantExpr[CompliantFrameT, Any],
) -> EvalNames[CompliantFrameT]:
# Follow left-hand-rule for naming. E.g. `nw.sum_horizontal(expr1, expr2)` takes the
# first name of `expr1`.
if not is_compliant_expr(exprs[0]): # pragma: no cover
msg = f"Safety assertion failed, expected expression, got: {type(exprs[0])}. Please report a bug."
raise AssertionError(msg)
def evaluate_output_names(df: CompliantFrameT) -> Sequence[str]:
return exprs[0]._evaluate_output_names(df)[:1]
return evaluate_output_names
def combine_alias_output_names(*exprs: CompliantExprAny) -> AliasNames | None:
# Follow left-hand-rule for naming. E.g. `nw.sum_horizontal(expr1.alias(alias), expr2)` takes the
# aliasing function of `expr1` and apply it to the first output name of `expr1`.
if exprs[0]._alias_output_names is None:
return None
def alias_output_names(names: Sequence[str]) -> Sequence[str]:
return exprs[0]._alias_output_names(names)[:1] # type: ignore[misc]
return alias_output_names
def extract_compliant(
plx: CompliantNamespaceAny,
other: IntoExpr | NonNestedLiteral | _1DArray,
*,
str_as_lit: bool,
) -> CompliantExprAny | NonNestedLiteral:
if is_expr(other):
return other._to_compliant_expr(plx)
if isinstance(other, str) and not str_as_lit:
return plx.col(other)
if is_narwhals_series(other):
return other._compliant_series._to_expr()
if is_numpy_array(other):
ns = cast("EagerNamespaceAny", plx)
return ns._series.from_numpy(other, context=ns)._to_expr()
return other
def evaluate_output_names_and_aliases(
expr: CompliantExprAny, df: CompliantFrameAny, exclude: Sequence[str]
) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Sequence[str]]:
output_names = expr._evaluate_output_names(df)
aliases = (
output_names
if expr._alias_output_names is None
else expr._alias_output_names(output_names)
)
if exclude:
assert expr._metadata is not None # noqa: S101
if expr._metadata.expansion_kind.is_multi_unnamed():
output_names, aliases = zip(
*[
(x, alias)
for x, alias in zip(output_names, aliases)
if x not in exclude
]
)
return output_names, aliases
class ExprKind(Enum):
"""Describe which kind of expression we are dealing with.
Commutative composition rules are:
- LITERAL vs LITERAL -> LITERAL
- FILTRATION vs (LITERAL | AGGREGATION) -> FILTRATION
- FILTRATION vs (FILTRATION | TRANSFORM | WINDOW) -> raise
- (TRANSFORM | WINDOW) vs (...) -> TRANSFORM
- AGGREGATION vs (LITERAL | AGGREGATION) -> AGGREGATION
"""
LITERAL = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.lit(1)`"""
AGGREGATION = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').mean()`"""
TRANSFORM = auto()
"""preserves length, e.g. `nw.col('a').round()`"""
WINDOW = auto()
"""transform in which last node is order-dependent
examples:
- `nw.col('a').cum_sum()`
- `(nw.col('a')+1).cum_sum()`
non-examples:
- `nw.col('a').cum_sum()+1`
- `nw.col('a').cum_sum().mean()`
"""
FILTRATION = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').drop_nulls()`"""
def preserves_length(self) -> bool:
return self in {ExprKind.TRANSFORM, ExprKind.WINDOW}
def is_window(self) -> bool:
return self is ExprKind.WINDOW
def is_filtration(self) -> bool:
return self is ExprKind.FILTRATION
def is_scalar_like(self) -> bool:
return is_scalar_like(self)
@classmethod
def from_into_expr(
cls, obj: IntoExpr | NonNestedLiteral | _1DArray, *, str_as_lit: bool
) -> ExprKind:
if is_expr(obj):
return obj._metadata.kind
if (
is_narwhals_series(obj)
or is_numpy_array(obj)
or (isinstance(obj, str) and not str_as_lit)
):
return ExprKind.TRANSFORM
return ExprKind.LITERAL
def is_scalar_like(
kind: ExprKind,
) -> TypeIs[Literal[ExprKind.AGGREGATION, ExprKind.LITERAL]]:
# Like ExprKind.is_scalar_like, but uses TypeIs for better type checking.
return kind in {ExprKind.AGGREGATION, ExprKind.LITERAL}
class ExpansionKind(Enum):
"""Describe what kind of expansion the expression performs."""
SINGLE = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a'), nw.sum_horizontal(nw.all())`"""
MULTI_NAMED = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a', 'b')`"""
MULTI_UNNAMED = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.all()`, nw.nth(0, 1)"""
def is_multi_unnamed(self) -> bool:
return self is ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED
def is_multi_output(self) -> bool:
return self in {ExpansionKind.MULTI_NAMED, ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED}
def __and__(self, other: ExpansionKind) -> Literal[ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED]:
if self is ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED and other is ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED:
# e.g. nw.selectors.all() - nw.selectors.numeric().
return ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED
# Don't attempt anything more complex, keep it simple and raise in the face of ambiguity.
msg = f"Unsupported ExpansionKind combination, got {self} and {other}, please report a bug." # pragma: no cover
raise AssertionError(msg) # pragma: no cover
class WindowKind(Enum):
"""Describe what kind of window the expression contains."""
NONE = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').abs()`, no windows."""
CLOSEABLE = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').cum_sum()` - can be closed if immediately followed by `over(order_by=...)`."""
UNCLOSEABLE = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').cum_sum().abs()` - the window function (`cum_sum`) wasn't immediately followed by
`over(order_by=...)`, and so the window is uncloseable.
Uncloseable windows can be used freely in `nw.DataFrame`, but not in `nw.LazyFrame` where
row-order is undefined."""
CLOSED = auto()
"""e.g. `nw.col('a').cum_sum().over(order_by='i')`."""
def is_open(self) -> bool:
return self in {WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE, WindowKind.CLOSEABLE}
def is_closed(self) -> bool:
return self is WindowKind.CLOSED
def is_uncloseable(self) -> bool:
return self is WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE
class ExprMetadata:
__slots__ = ("_expansion_kind", "_kind", "_window_kind")
def __init__(
self,
kind: ExprKind,
/,
*,
window_kind: WindowKind,
expansion_kind: ExpansionKind,
) -> None:
self._kind: ExprKind = kind
self._window_kind = window_kind
self._expansion_kind = expansion_kind
def __init_subclass__(cls, /, *args: Any, **kwds: Any) -> Never: # pragma: no cover
msg = f"Cannot subclass {cls.__name__!r}"
raise TypeError(msg)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return f"ExprMetadata(kind: {self._kind}, window_kind: {self._window_kind}, expansion_kind: {self._expansion_kind})"
@property
def kind(self) -> ExprKind:
return self._kind
@property
def window_kind(self) -> WindowKind:
return self._window_kind
@property
def expansion_kind(self) -> ExpansionKind:
return self._expansion_kind
def with_kind(self, kind: ExprKind, /) -> ExprMetadata:
"""Change metadata kind, leaving all other attributes the same."""
return ExprMetadata(
kind,
window_kind=self._window_kind,
expansion_kind=self._expansion_kind,
)
def with_uncloseable_window(self) -> ExprMetadata:
"""Add uncloseable window, leaving other attributes the same."""
if self._window_kind is WindowKind.CLOSED: # pragma: no cover
msg = "Unreachable code, please report a bug."
raise AssertionError(msg)
return ExprMetadata(
self.kind,
window_kind=WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE,
expansion_kind=self._expansion_kind,
)
def with_kind_and_closeable_window(self, kind: ExprKind, /) -> ExprMetadata:
"""Change metadata kind and add closeable window.
If we already have an uncloseable window, the window stays uncloseable.
"""
if self._window_kind is WindowKind.NONE:
window_kind = WindowKind.CLOSEABLE
elif self._window_kind is WindowKind.CLOSED: # pragma: no cover
msg = "Unreachable code, please report a bug."
raise AssertionError(msg)
else:
window_kind = WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE
return ExprMetadata(
kind,
window_kind=window_kind,
expansion_kind=self._expansion_kind,
)
def with_kind_and_uncloseable_window(self, kind: ExprKind, /) -> ExprMetadata:
"""Change metadata kind and set window kind to uncloseable."""
return ExprMetadata(
kind,
window_kind=WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE,
expansion_kind=self._expansion_kind,
)
@staticmethod
def selector_single() -> ExprMetadata:
# e.g. `nw.col('a')`, `nw.nth(0)`
return ExprMetadata(
ExprKind.TRANSFORM,
window_kind=WindowKind.NONE,
expansion_kind=ExpansionKind.SINGLE,
)
@staticmethod
def selector_multi_named() -> ExprMetadata:
# e.g. `nw.col('a', 'b')`
return ExprMetadata(
ExprKind.TRANSFORM,
window_kind=WindowKind.NONE,
expansion_kind=ExpansionKind.MULTI_NAMED,
)
@staticmethod
def selector_multi_unnamed() -> ExprMetadata:
# e.g. `nw.all()`
return ExprMetadata(
ExprKind.TRANSFORM,
window_kind=WindowKind.NONE,
expansion_kind=ExpansionKind.MULTI_UNNAMED,
)
@classmethod
def from_binary_op(cls, lhs: Expr, rhs: IntoExpr, /) -> ExprMetadata:
# We may be able to allow multi-output rhs in the future:
# https://github.com/narwhals-dev/narwhals/issues/2244.
return combine_metadata(
lhs, rhs, str_as_lit=True, allow_multi_output=False, to_single_output=False
)
@classmethod
def from_horizontal_op(cls, *exprs: IntoExpr) -> ExprMetadata:
return combine_metadata(
*exprs, str_as_lit=False, allow_multi_output=True, to_single_output=True
)
def combine_metadata( # noqa: C901, PLR0912, PLR0915
*args: IntoExpr | object | None,
str_as_lit: bool,
allow_multi_output: bool,
to_single_output: bool,
) -> ExprMetadata:
"""Combine metadata from `args`.
Arguments:
args: Arguments, maybe expressions, literals, or Series.
str_as_lit: Whether to interpret strings as literals or as column names.
allow_multi_output: Whether to allow multi-output inputs.
to_single_output: Whether the result is always single-output, regardless
of the inputs (e.g. `nw.sum_horizontal`).
"""
n_filtrations = 0
has_transforms_or_windows = False
has_aggregations = False
has_literals = False
result_expansion_kind = ExpansionKind.SINGLE
has_closeable_windows = False
has_uncloseable_windows = False
has_closed_windows = False
for i, arg in enumerate(args): # noqa: PLR1702
if isinstance(arg, str) and not str_as_lit:
has_transforms_or_windows = True
elif is_expr(arg):
metadata = arg._metadata
if metadata.expansion_kind.is_multi_output():
expansion_kind = metadata.expansion_kind
if i > 0 and not allow_multi_output:
# Left-most argument is always allowed to be multi-output.
msg = (
"Multi-output expressions (e.g. nw.col('a', 'b'), nw.all()) "
"are not supported in this context."
)
raise MultiOutputExpressionError(msg)
if not to_single_output:
if i == 0:
result_expansion_kind = expansion_kind
else:
result_expansion_kind = result_expansion_kind & expansion_kind
kind = metadata.kind
if kind is ExprKind.AGGREGATION:
has_aggregations = True
elif kind is ExprKind.LITERAL:
has_literals = True
elif kind is ExprKind.FILTRATION:
n_filtrations += 1
elif kind.preserves_length():
has_transforms_or_windows = True
else: # pragma: no cover
msg = "unreachable code"
raise AssertionError(msg)
window_kind = metadata.window_kind
if window_kind is WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE:
has_uncloseable_windows = True
elif window_kind is WindowKind.CLOSEABLE:
has_closeable_windows = True
elif window_kind is WindowKind.CLOSED:
has_closed_windows = True
if (
has_literals
and not has_aggregations
and not has_transforms_or_windows
and not n_filtrations
):
result_kind = ExprKind.LITERAL
elif n_filtrations > 1:
msg = "Length-changing expressions can only be used in isolation, or followed by an aggregation"
raise LengthChangingExprError(msg)
elif n_filtrations and has_transforms_or_windows:
msg = "Cannot combine length-changing expressions with length-preserving ones or aggregations"
raise ShapeError(msg)
elif n_filtrations:
result_kind = ExprKind.FILTRATION
elif has_transforms_or_windows:
result_kind = ExprKind.TRANSFORM
else:
result_kind = ExprKind.AGGREGATION
if has_uncloseable_windows or has_closeable_windows:
result_window_kind = WindowKind.UNCLOSEABLE
elif has_closed_windows:
result_window_kind = WindowKind.CLOSED
else:
result_window_kind = WindowKind.NONE
return ExprMetadata(
result_kind, window_kind=result_window_kind, expansion_kind=result_expansion_kind
)
def check_expressions_preserve_length(*args: IntoExpr, function_name: str) -> None:
# Raise if any argument in `args` isn't length-preserving.
# For Series input, we don't raise (yet), we let such checks happen later,
# as this function works lazily and so can't evaluate lengths.
from narwhals.series import Series
if not all(
(is_expr(x) and x._metadata.kind.preserves_length())
or isinstance(x, (str, Series))
for x in args
):
msg = f"Expressions which aggregate or change length cannot be passed to '{function_name}'."
raise ShapeError(msg)
def all_exprs_are_scalar_like(*args: IntoExpr, **kwargs: IntoExpr) -> bool:
# Raise if any argument in `args` isn't an aggregation or literal.
# For Series input, we don't raise (yet), we let such checks happen later,
# as this function works lazily and so can't evaluate lengths.
exprs = chain(args, kwargs.values())
return all(is_expr(x) and x._metadata.kind.is_scalar_like() for x in exprs)
def apply_n_ary_operation(
plx: CompliantNamespaceAny,
function: Any,
*comparands: IntoExpr | NonNestedLiteral | _1DArray,
str_as_lit: bool,
) -> CompliantExprAny:
compliant_exprs = (
extract_compliant(plx, comparand, str_as_lit=str_as_lit)
for comparand in comparands
)
kinds = [
ExprKind.from_into_expr(comparand, str_as_lit=str_as_lit)
for comparand in comparands
]
broadcast = any(not kind.is_scalar_like() for kind in kinds)
compliant_exprs = (
compliant_expr.broadcast(kind)
if broadcast and is_compliant_expr(compliant_expr) and is_scalar_like(kind)
else compliant_expr
for compliant_expr, kind in zip(compliant_exprs, kinds)
)
return function(*compliant_exprs)